Bibliography
Primary Sources
Documents
A&D Machine Shop. Advertisement. Schenectady Gazette 10 Apr. 1943:
n. pag. Print.
This advertisement shows a M7 tank and is captioned "Congratulations American
Locomotive M7 Workers". It was published during the M7 Day celebrations. Used on
the "M7 Day" page.
American Locomotive Went to War. Schenectady: American Locomotive,
1945. Print.
This pamphlet provided information about ALCO's many contributions to the war
effort, including the production of the M3 and M4 tank. It also had photographs of
tanks in the field and under production .
Erie Theater. Advertisement. n.d.: n. pag. Print.
This advertisement for the movie Desert Victory was included in the "Documents"
section to highlight how the ALCO workers were honored by the world premier of the movie.
Frame, William S. History of the Schenectady Plant of the American Locomotive
Company. Schenectady: Schenectady Historical Society, 1946. Print.
This brochure published by the Schenectady Historical Society provided a brief
overview of ALCO, describing everything from the nineteenth century beginnings of ALCO
to the end of its locomotive dynasty. It was very useful in putting the production of
the M7 into historical context.
Fraser, Duncan W. "No Victory Will Be Lost Because We Failed to Do Our
Best." Attack 1 (2 May 1942): 4. Print.
This letter, written by the ALCO president Duncan W. Fraser, addressed the spirit
that was imbued in the "production soldiers" of ALCO. Mr. Fraser summed it up, "We
pledge that no soldier will die, no victory will be lost, because we failed to do our
best."
"General Maxwell Will Address Workers at M7-Day Ceremony." Schenectady
Gazette 10 Apr. 1943: 1+. Print.
This article described General Maxwell's and British Colonel Cole's addresses to the
ALCO workers. It also helped me to understand how much the ALCO workers
were honored on M7 day.
Growing with Schenectady: The Story of a Century of Locomotive Building in
Schenectady. Schenectady, NY: American Locomotive, 1948. Print.
This booklet was very helpful in putting the work done at ALCO in historical context.
It helped me to understand how much ALCO stepped up its production during WWII
by listing the monetary value of goods produced.
Hawley, Joseph J. "Observations of a Production Solider." Attack 1 (15 June
1942): 4. Print.
This call to arms by Joseph J Hawley was inspiring to many ALCO workers. He
notes that "war means sacrifice". It helped me to better understand the atmosphere
inside of the plant.
"It's M7 Day." Schenectady Gazette 10 Apr. 1943: n. pag. Print.
This page from the Schenectady Gazette was used as the header on my "M7 Day"
page. It says "It's M7 Day!" on the front and below is a drawing of an M7. Since the caption
was hard to read, I included it below the photo: "Today's the day - the first birthday of the
deadly weapon that turned the tide at El Alamein. And Schenectady has plenty of reason to
celebrate."
"M7 Praised by British Army Colonel." Schenectady Gazette 12 Apr. 1943: n. pag.
Print.
This article was very informative about the British reaction to the M7. It also helped
me to understand how important the M7 was. Unlike other sources, it detailed why it
was important, not just that it was important. It discussed how the M7 was mobile,
which made it much easier to use and more deadly in the field.
"Meet Schenectady." Attack 1 (Dec. 1942): 5. Print.
This article in Attack magazine helped me to understand the history of the
Schenectady Plant. It described the origins of the plant when it was the Schenectady
Locomotive Works and how it combined with other locomotive factories to form
ALCO. It was very useful in writing about ALCO in the "Historical Context" section.
"Only Three Weeks Separated Final Approval of Plans and Army's Test of ALCO's
First M7." Schenectady Union Star 9 Apr. 1943: n. pag. Print.
This article was useful in writing the "Production" page. It included information about the
design of the M7, including the cooperation of ALCO with Army Ordnance.
Retail Merchants Bureau Schenectady, Chamber of Commerce. Advertisement.
Schenectady Gazette 10 Apr. 1943: n. pag. Print.
This advertisement says "Well Done Men and Women of the American Locomotive
Co". It was published during the M7 day celebrations. It was included on the "M7
Day" page.
"Schenectady in National Spotlight." Attack 1 (Feb. 1943): 15. Print.
This Attack magazine article was about national acclaim for the M7. It included a
quote from Don Goddard on radio WEAF about the success of the M7 and
also mentioned Schenectady's nickname, "The City that Kept a Secret."
"Schenectady Makes Deadly Tank Killer." Attack 1 (Feb. 1943): 14. Print.
This Attack magazine article had information about the production of the M7 and how
it was different from many other kinds of mobile artillery produced at the time.
Schenectady Varnish Co. Advertisement. Schenectady Gazette 10 Apr. 1943: 15.
Print.
This advertisement shows a tank, saying "'tanks a million --- folks, you're doing a
grand job!". It was published during the M7 day celebrations. The image was used
on the "M7 Day" page.
Webster Motor Sales. Advertisement. Schenectady Gazette 10 Apr. 1943: n. pag.
Print.
This advertisement shows a tank, and says "M7 Day, Our congratulations to the men
and women of the American Locomotive Company". It was published during the M7 \
day celebrations. This photo is included on the "M7 Day" page.
A&D Machine Shop. Advertisement. Schenectady Gazette 10 Apr. 1943:
n. pag. Print.
This advertisement shows a M7 tank and is captioned "Congratulations American
Locomotive M7 Workers". It was published during the M7 Day celebrations. Used on
the "M7 Day" page.
American Locomotive Went to War. Schenectady: American Locomotive,
1945. Print.
This pamphlet provided information about ALCO's many contributions to the war
effort, including the production of the M3 and M4 tank. It also had photographs of
tanks in the field and under production .
Erie Theater. Advertisement. n.d.: n. pag. Print.
This advertisement for the movie Desert Victory was included in the "Documents"
section to highlight how the ALCO workers were honored by the world premier of the movie.
Frame, William S. History of the Schenectady Plant of the American Locomotive
Company. Schenectady: Schenectady Historical Society, 1946. Print.
This brochure published by the Schenectady Historical Society provided a brief
overview of ALCO, describing everything from the nineteenth century beginnings of ALCO
to the end of its locomotive dynasty. It was very useful in putting the production of
the M7 into historical context.
Fraser, Duncan W. "No Victory Will Be Lost Because We Failed to Do Our
Best." Attack 1 (2 May 1942): 4. Print.
This letter, written by the ALCO president Duncan W. Fraser, addressed the spirit
that was imbued in the "production soldiers" of ALCO. Mr. Fraser summed it up, "We
pledge that no soldier will die, no victory will be lost, because we failed to do our
best."
"General Maxwell Will Address Workers at M7-Day Ceremony." Schenectady
Gazette 10 Apr. 1943: 1+. Print.
This article described General Maxwell's and British Colonel Cole's addresses to the
ALCO workers. It also helped me to understand how much the ALCO workers
were honored on M7 day.
Growing with Schenectady: The Story of a Century of Locomotive Building in
Schenectady. Schenectady, NY: American Locomotive, 1948. Print.
This booklet was very helpful in putting the work done at ALCO in historical context.
It helped me to understand how much ALCO stepped up its production during WWII
by listing the monetary value of goods produced.
Hawley, Joseph J. "Observations of a Production Solider." Attack 1 (15 June
1942): 4. Print.
This call to arms by Joseph J Hawley was inspiring to many ALCO workers. He
notes that "war means sacrifice". It helped me to better understand the atmosphere
inside of the plant.
"It's M7 Day." Schenectady Gazette 10 Apr. 1943: n. pag. Print.
This page from the Schenectady Gazette was used as the header on my "M7 Day"
page. It says "It's M7 Day!" on the front and below is a drawing of an M7. Since the caption
was hard to read, I included it below the photo: "Today's the day - the first birthday of the
deadly weapon that turned the tide at El Alamein. And Schenectady has plenty of reason to
celebrate."
"M7 Praised by British Army Colonel." Schenectady Gazette 12 Apr. 1943: n. pag.
Print.
This article was very informative about the British reaction to the M7. It also helped
me to understand how important the M7 was. Unlike other sources, it detailed why it
was important, not just that it was important. It discussed how the M7 was mobile,
which made it much easier to use and more deadly in the field.
"Meet Schenectady." Attack 1 (Dec. 1942): 5. Print.
This article in Attack magazine helped me to understand the history of the
Schenectady Plant. It described the origins of the plant when it was the Schenectady
Locomotive Works and how it combined with other locomotive factories to form
ALCO. It was very useful in writing about ALCO in the "Historical Context" section.
"Only Three Weeks Separated Final Approval of Plans and Army's Test of ALCO's
First M7." Schenectady Union Star 9 Apr. 1943: n. pag. Print.
This article was useful in writing the "Production" page. It included information about the
design of the M7, including the cooperation of ALCO with Army Ordnance.
Retail Merchants Bureau Schenectady, Chamber of Commerce. Advertisement.
Schenectady Gazette 10 Apr. 1943: n. pag. Print.
This advertisement says "Well Done Men and Women of the American Locomotive
Co". It was published during the M7 day celebrations. It was included on the "M7
Day" page.
"Schenectady in National Spotlight." Attack 1 (Feb. 1943): 15. Print.
This Attack magazine article was about national acclaim for the M7. It included a
quote from Don Goddard on radio WEAF about the success of the M7 and
also mentioned Schenectady's nickname, "The City that Kept a Secret."
"Schenectady Makes Deadly Tank Killer." Attack 1 (Feb. 1943): 14. Print.
This Attack magazine article had information about the production of the M7 and how
it was different from many other kinds of mobile artillery produced at the time.
Schenectady Varnish Co. Advertisement. Schenectady Gazette 10 Apr. 1943: 15.
Print.
This advertisement shows a tank, saying "'tanks a million --- folks, you're doing a
grand job!". It was published during the M7 day celebrations. The image was used
on the "M7 Day" page.
Webster Motor Sales. Advertisement. Schenectady Gazette 10 Apr. 1943: n. pag.
Print.
This advertisement shows a tank, and says "M7 Day, Our congratulations to the men
and women of the American Locomotive Company". It was published during the M7 \
day celebrations. This photo is included on the "M7 Day" page.
Images
Americans suffer when careless talk kills. Poster. New Hampshire
State Library. Web. Apr. 2013. <http://www.nh.gov/nhsl/ww2/ww37prt.html>.
This poster was included as part of the website slideshow of propaganda published
to warn US citizens of the dangers of "careless talk."
Because Somebody Talked. Poster. National WWII Museum. Web. Apr. 2013.
<http://www.nationalww2museumimages.org/web-assets/images/propaganda-
snapshot3.jpg>.
This poster was included as part of the website slideshow of propaganda published
to warn US citizens of the dangers of "careless talk."
A careless word, a needless sinking. Poster. New Hampshire
State Library. Web. Apr. 2013. <http://www.nh.gov/nhsl/ww2/ww39prt.html>.
This poster was included as part of the website slideshow of propaganda published
to warn US citizens of the dangers of "careless talk."
Careless talk got there first.. Poster. New Hampshire
State Library. Web. Apr. 2013. <http://www.nh.gov/nhsl/ww2/ww40prt.html>.
This poster was included as part of the website slideshow of propaganda published
to warn US citizens of the dangers of "careless talk."
Desert Victory. Poster. Movie Poster Services. Web. Mar. 2013.
<http://www.movieposterservice.com/posters/479.jpg>.
I used an image of this 1943 Poster to accent my "Desert Victory" page. It includes
drawings of Montgomery and British soldiers in the field.
Goldberg, Rube. "Smoke Gets in Their Eyes." Cartoon. WW2 Homefront. N.p., n.d. Web.
Mar. 2013. <http://envisioningtheamericandream.files.wordpress.com/2012/05/wwii-
production-philco-swscan00680-copy-copy-copy.jpg>.
This cartoon was used on the "WWII" page to illustrate how important US production
was to the war.
If you tell where he's going, he may never get there. Poster. New Hampshire State
Library. Web. Apr. 2013. <http://www.nh.gov/nhsl/ww2/ww36prt.html>.
This poster was included as part of the website slideshow of propaganda published
to warn US citizens of the dangers of "careless talk."
I'm counting on you. Don't discuss troop movements, ship sailings, war
equipment. Poster. New Hampshire State Library. Web. Apr. 2013.
<http://www.nh.gov/nhsl/ww2/ww36prt.html>.
This poster was included as part of the website slideshow of propaganda published
to warn US citizens of the dangers of "careless talk."
Loose Lips Might Sink Ships. Poster. National WWII Museum. Web. Apr. 2013.
<http://www.nationalww2museumimages.org/web-assets/images/propaganda-
snapshot1.jpg>.
This poster was included as part of the website slideshow of propaganda published
to warn US citizens of the dangers of "careless talk."
Photograph. 5 in Gun in Alamein. 1942. Web. Mar. 2013. <http://wilderness-
ventures-egypt.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/4_5-inch-gun-in-alamein-
des.jpg>.
Included on the "Battle Timeline" to illustrate the British artillery barrage that
supported the infantry and armored divisions that were attempting to penetrate the
German minefields during Operation Lightfoot.
Photograph. Airbase at Malta. 1942. Web. Mar. 2013.
<http://www.vpmedia.hu/il2/malta/images/malta.jpg>.
Included this photo of the British air base at Malta in the "Battle Timeline". The air
base was essential in the destruction of German supply routes
.
Photograph. Bernard Law Montgomery. 1942. National Archives, Washington DC.
Web. Mar. 2013. <http://media-3.web.britannica.com/eb-media/70/47770-004-
28DF2374.jpg>.
This photo is used to provide a portrait of Field Marshal Montgomery for my website.
Photograph. A Camouflaged M7. 1942. Web. Mar. 2013.
<http://ww2photo.se/tanks/usa/med/m7/07241.jpg>.
This photo shows two soldiers with a camouflaged M7. It is included in the "Photo
Gallery."
Photograph. A Column of Italian Prisoners Captured during the Assault on
Bardia, Libya. 1941. World War II Database. Web. Mar. 2013.
<http://ww2db.com/images/battle_compass1.jpg>.
This photo is included in the "North Africa" page to illustrate the travails of the
Italians before Rommel and the Afrika Korps arrived. This photo was taken before
the Germans arrived in North Africa.
Photograph. Desert Fox. 1942. North Africa. History.co.uk. History Channel. Web.
Mar. 2013. <http://www.history.co.uk/explore-history/ww2/north-africa/photo-
gallery/galleryImage/0/fullImage/desert-fox-2-915.jpg>.
This photo is included on the "North Africa" page to provide a portrait of Field Marshal
Rommel.
Photograph. Don Gay. 1940. Web. Apr. 2013.
<http://www.warlinks.com/memories/images/gay_1s.jpg>.
I used this photo of Don Gay, a member of the British 8th Army, to accent the
"Memories of Don Gay" page.
Photograph. Erwin Rommel. 1942. Tobruk, Libya. History Channel. Web. Mar.
2013. <http://www.history.co.uk/explore-history/ww2/north-africa/photo-
gallery/galleryImage/08/fullImage/erwin-rommel-915.jpg>.
This photo was used to provide a portrait of Field Marshal Rommel on the website header.
Photograph. A Factory at the Schenectady Plant Where the M7 Tanks Were
Produced. (1) N.d. ALCO Historical Photos, Schenectady.
This photo shows where the tank destroyers were produced. It shows the M7 assembly line.
Photograph. A Factory at the Schenectady Plant Where the M7 Tanks Were
Produced. (2) N.d. ALCO Historical Photos, Schenectady.
This photo shows the M7s under production.
Photograph. A Factory at the Schenectady Plant Where the M7 Tanks Were
Produced. (3) N.d. ALCO Historical Photos, Schenectady.
This photo shows the M7s under production.
Photograph. General Von Thoma, Commander of the Famed Afrika Corps,
Surrenders to Montgomery. 1942. World War II Today. Web. Mar. 2013.
<http://ww2today.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/von-Thoma-surrenders-
595x626.jpg>.
This photo of the captured German General von Thoma was used to represent the
defeat of the Germans at El Alamein in the "Battle Timeline."
Photograph. German Prisoners after the Battle of El Alamein. 1942. The End of
the Beginning. Great Britain: Free, 2003. N. pag. Print.
I used this photo several times throughout the website. It shows German prisoners
behind a sign that points to El Alamein.
Photograph. Hollem, Howard R. New M-7 Mobile Howitzer Carriages Roll down
the Production Lines of the American Locomotive Company. 1943. Library of
Congress, Schenectady. Web.
<http://lcweb2.loc.gov/service/pnp/fsa/8b05000/8b05600/8b05697_150px.jpg>.
This photo of an ALCO worker on an M7 was used on the "Production" page.
Photograph. Hollem, Howard R. New M-7 Mobile Howitzer Carriages Roll down
the Production Lines of the American Locomotive Company (2). 1943. Library
of Congress, Washington DC. Web.
<http://lcweb2.loc.gov/service/pnp/fsa/8b05000/8b05600/8b05696r.jpg>.
This photo of an ALCO worker on an M7 was used on the website header
slideshow.
Photograph. Liberty Park, Where the M7 Time Capsule Was Buried. 1943. Efner
Collection, Schenectady.
I used this photo on my "M7 Day" page to show where the time capsule was buried
during M7 Day in Schenectady.
Photograph. M3 Tank in Front of the Van Curler Hotel. 1943. Efner Collection,
Schenectady.
This photo is included on the "M7 Day" to illustrate the parade that took place in
Schenectady.
Photograph. M7 and Burning German Tank. 1942. ALCO Heritage Museum, n.p.
This photo was used to accent the slide about the M7 in North Africa in the "Battle
Timeline" slideshow. It gives a visual of the supreme power of the M7.
Photograph. M7 Howitzer Motor Carriage, Priest Having Its Worn out Barrel
Replaced. 1942. Web. Mar. 2013. <http://www.wwiivehicles.com/usa/self-
propelled-guns/m7-howitzer-motor-carriage-priest/m7-howitzer-motor-
carriage-priest-04-thumb.png>.
This photo show soldiers operating a crane to remove the worn out barrel of a M7
Priest. It is included in the "Photo Gallery."
Photograph. M7 Howitzer Motor Carriage, Priest, Training in 1942. 1942. Web. Mar.
2013. <http://www.wwiivehicles.com/usa/self-propelled-guns/m7-howitzer-
motor-carriage-priest/m7-howitzer-motor-carriage-priest-05-thumb.png>.
This photo shows four men training on an M7 with more in the background. It is
included in the "Photo Gallery."
Photograph. A M7 in Desert Camouflage. 1942. Web. Mar. 2013.
<http://ww2photo.se/tanks/usa/med/m7/03933.jpg>.
This photo shows four men on an M7 in desert camouflage. It is included in
the "Photo Gallery."
Photograph. M7 in El Alamein. 1942. Web. Mar. 2013.
<http://www.warlinks.com/memories/images/gay_priest.jpg>.
This photo is included in the "Photo Gallery." It shows an M7 with the British 11th
Regiment, Royal Horse Artillery.
Photograph. M-7 Model, ALCO Heritage Museum. 2012.
This photo was taken after my interview with Beverly Lentz Taylor Geiger. She had
brought the M7 scale model with her to donate to the ALCO Heritage Museum. This
model was jointly designed by ALCO and experts from Army Ordnance.
Photograph. Minefields in the Battle of Alam Halfa. 1942. Imperial War Museums.
Web. Mar. 2013. <http://media.iwm.org.uk/iwm/mediaLib/52/media-
52088/standard.jpg>.
This photo is included on the "Battle Timeline" to illustrate how the British minefields
devastated the German Panzers at the Battle of Alam Halfa.
Photograph. Operation Supercharge. 1942. Web. Mar. 2013.
<http://www.flamesofwar.com/Portals/0/all_images/Scenarios/Tell-el-Aqqaqir-
01.jpg>.
This photo of tanks during Operation Supercharge is included on the "Battle
Timeline."
Photograph. Parade of M3 and M7 Tanks on Erie Boulevard. 1943. Efner
Collection, Schenectady.
This photo is included on the "M7 Day" page to illustrate the parade that took place
in Schenectady.
Photograph. Parade of M4 and M7 Tanks on Erie Boulevard. 1943. Efner
Collection, Schenectady.
This photo is included on the "M7 Day" to illustrate the parade that took place in
Schenectady.
Photograph. A Schenectady-Built M7 Being Tested. 1942. Web. Mar. 2013.
<http://3.bp.blogspot.com/aVT3MsSVdXM/TaYukSGx1II/AAAAAAAACu8/hpWY-
SnvAN8/ALCO_M7.jpg>.
This photo is included in the "Photo Gallery." It shows an M7 being tested at the
Aberdeen Proving Grounds in Maryland.
Photograph. Sunshield Prototype Closed. 1942. National WWII Museum. The
National WWII Museum. Web. Mar. 2013. <http://www.nww2m.com/wp-
content/uploads/2012/05/Sunshield-prototype-closed-300x207.jpg>.
This photo is included on the "Battle Timeline" to illustrate the "magical" deception
of the camouflage used during Operation Bertram.
Photograph. Sunshield Prototype Open Overhead. 1942. National WWII Museum.
National WWII Museum. Web. Mar. 2013. <http://www.nww2m.com/wp-
content/uploads/2012/05/Sunshield-prototypeopenoverhead-300x197.jpg>.
This photo is included on the "Battle Timeline" to illustrate the "magical" deception
of the camouflage used during Operation Bertram.
Photograph. United States' M7 Howitzer Motor Carriage, Priest from the M7
Manual (1). 1942. WWII Vehicles. Web. Mar. 2013.
<http://www.wwiivehicles.com/usa/self-propelled-guns/m7-howitzer-motor-
carriage-priest/m7-howitzer-motor-carriage-priest-15-thumb.png>.
This photo is included on the "Meet the M7" page to show an aerial view of the M7.
Photograph. United States' M7 Howitzer Motor Carriage, Priest from the M7
Manual (2). 1942. WWII Vehicles. Web. Mar. 2013.
<http://www.wwiivehicles.com/usa/self-propelled-guns/m7-howitzer-motor-
carriage-priest/m7-howitzer-motor-carriage-priest-11-thumb.png>.
This photo is included on the "Meet the M7" page to show a front view of the M7.
Photograph. United States' M7 Howitzer Motor Carriage, Priest from the M7
Manual (3). 1942. WWII Vehicles. Web. Mar. 2013.
<http://www.wwiivehicles.com/usa/self-propelled-guns/m7-howitzer-motor-
carriage-priest/m7-howitzer-motor-carriage-priest-12-thumb.png>.
This photo is included on the "Meet the M7" page to show a side view of the M7.
Photograph. United States' M7 Howitzer Motor Carriage, Priest from the M7
Manual (4). 1942. WWII Vehicles. Web. Mar. 2013.
<http://www.wwiivehicles.com/usa/self-propelled-guns/m7-howitzer-motor-
carriage-priest/m7-howitzer-motor-carriage-priest-13-thumb.png>.
This photo is included on the "Meet the M7" page to show a back view of the M7.
Photograph. United States' M7 Howitzer Motor Carriage, Priest from the M7
Manual (5). 1942. WWII Vehicles. Web. Mar. 2013.
http://www.wwiivehicles.com/usa/self-propelled-guns/m7-howitzer-motor-
carriage-priest/m7-howitzer-motor-carriage-priest-14-thumb.png>.
This photo is included on the "Meet the M7" page to show a side view of the M7.
Photograph. United States' M7 Howitzer Motor Carriage, Priest in North Africa.
1942. WWII Vehicles. Web. Mar. 2013. <http://www.wwiivehicles.com/usa/self-
propelled-guns/m7-howitzer-motor-carriage-priest/m7-howitzer-motor-carriage-
priest-03.png>.
This photo is included in the header of my website. It shows an M7 in North Africa.
Somebody blabbed–button your lip. Poster. New Hampshire
State Library. Web. Apr. 2013. <http://www.nh.gov/nhsl/ww2/ww38prt.html>.
This poster was included as part of the website slideshow of propaganda published
to warn US citizens of the dangers of "careless talk."
Wanted for Murder! Her Careless Talk Costs Lives. Poster. New Hampshire State
Library. Web. Apr. 2013. <http://www.nh.gov/nhsl/ww2/ww34prt.html>.
This poster was included as part of the website slideshow of propaganda published
to warn US citizens of the dangers of "careless talk."
WWII E-Award Poster. Poster. Web. Mar. 2013.
<http://1.bp.blogspot.com/SWGCkgsbe0o/T7wKQpacswI/AAAAAAAADE8/
RAPV8g7OE8E/s1600/EAwardPoster.jpg>.
This image of a WWII poster produced by ALCO in 1944 was used to accent the
"ALCO" historical context page.
Americans suffer when careless talk kills. Poster. New Hampshire
State Library. Web. Apr. 2013. <http://www.nh.gov/nhsl/ww2/ww37prt.html>.
This poster was included as part of the website slideshow of propaganda published
to warn US citizens of the dangers of "careless talk."
Because Somebody Talked. Poster. National WWII Museum. Web. Apr. 2013.
<http://www.nationalww2museumimages.org/web-assets/images/propaganda-
snapshot3.jpg>.
This poster was included as part of the website slideshow of propaganda published
to warn US citizens of the dangers of "careless talk."
A careless word, a needless sinking. Poster. New Hampshire
State Library. Web. Apr. 2013. <http://www.nh.gov/nhsl/ww2/ww39prt.html>.
This poster was included as part of the website slideshow of propaganda published
to warn US citizens of the dangers of "careless talk."
Careless talk got there first.. Poster. New Hampshire
State Library. Web. Apr. 2013. <http://www.nh.gov/nhsl/ww2/ww40prt.html>.
This poster was included as part of the website slideshow of propaganda published
to warn US citizens of the dangers of "careless talk."
Desert Victory. Poster. Movie Poster Services. Web. Mar. 2013.
<http://www.movieposterservice.com/posters/479.jpg>.
I used an image of this 1943 Poster to accent my "Desert Victory" page. It includes
drawings of Montgomery and British soldiers in the field.
Goldberg, Rube. "Smoke Gets in Their Eyes." Cartoon. WW2 Homefront. N.p., n.d. Web.
Mar. 2013. <http://envisioningtheamericandream.files.wordpress.com/2012/05/wwii-
production-philco-swscan00680-copy-copy-copy.jpg>.
This cartoon was used on the "WWII" page to illustrate how important US production
was to the war.
If you tell where he's going, he may never get there. Poster. New Hampshire State
Library. Web. Apr. 2013. <http://www.nh.gov/nhsl/ww2/ww36prt.html>.
This poster was included as part of the website slideshow of propaganda published
to warn US citizens of the dangers of "careless talk."
I'm counting on you. Don't discuss troop movements, ship sailings, war
equipment. Poster. New Hampshire State Library. Web. Apr. 2013.
<http://www.nh.gov/nhsl/ww2/ww36prt.html>.
This poster was included as part of the website slideshow of propaganda published
to warn US citizens of the dangers of "careless talk."
Loose Lips Might Sink Ships. Poster. National WWII Museum. Web. Apr. 2013.
<http://www.nationalww2museumimages.org/web-assets/images/propaganda-
snapshot1.jpg>.
This poster was included as part of the website slideshow of propaganda published
to warn US citizens of the dangers of "careless talk."
Photograph. 5 in Gun in Alamein. 1942. Web. Mar. 2013. <http://wilderness-
ventures-egypt.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/4_5-inch-gun-in-alamein-
des.jpg>.
Included on the "Battle Timeline" to illustrate the British artillery barrage that
supported the infantry and armored divisions that were attempting to penetrate the
German minefields during Operation Lightfoot.
Photograph. Airbase at Malta. 1942. Web. Mar. 2013.
<http://www.vpmedia.hu/il2/malta/images/malta.jpg>.
Included this photo of the British air base at Malta in the "Battle Timeline". The air
base was essential in the destruction of German supply routes
.
Photograph. Bernard Law Montgomery. 1942. National Archives, Washington DC.
Web. Mar. 2013. <http://media-3.web.britannica.com/eb-media/70/47770-004-
28DF2374.jpg>.
This photo is used to provide a portrait of Field Marshal Montgomery for my website.
Photograph. A Camouflaged M7. 1942. Web. Mar. 2013.
<http://ww2photo.se/tanks/usa/med/m7/07241.jpg>.
This photo shows two soldiers with a camouflaged M7. It is included in the "Photo
Gallery."
Photograph. A Column of Italian Prisoners Captured during the Assault on
Bardia, Libya. 1941. World War II Database. Web. Mar. 2013.
<http://ww2db.com/images/battle_compass1.jpg>.
This photo is included in the "North Africa" page to illustrate the travails of the
Italians before Rommel and the Afrika Korps arrived. This photo was taken before
the Germans arrived in North Africa.
Photograph. Desert Fox. 1942. North Africa. History.co.uk. History Channel. Web.
Mar. 2013. <http://www.history.co.uk/explore-history/ww2/north-africa/photo-
gallery/galleryImage/0/fullImage/desert-fox-2-915.jpg>.
This photo is included on the "North Africa" page to provide a portrait of Field Marshal
Rommel.
Photograph. Don Gay. 1940. Web. Apr. 2013.
<http://www.warlinks.com/memories/images/gay_1s.jpg>.
I used this photo of Don Gay, a member of the British 8th Army, to accent the
"Memories of Don Gay" page.
Photograph. Erwin Rommel. 1942. Tobruk, Libya. History Channel. Web. Mar.
2013. <http://www.history.co.uk/explore-history/ww2/north-africa/photo-
gallery/galleryImage/08/fullImage/erwin-rommel-915.jpg>.
This photo was used to provide a portrait of Field Marshal Rommel on the website header.
Photograph. A Factory at the Schenectady Plant Where the M7 Tanks Were
Produced. (1) N.d. ALCO Historical Photos, Schenectady.
This photo shows where the tank destroyers were produced. It shows the M7 assembly line.
Photograph. A Factory at the Schenectady Plant Where the M7 Tanks Were
Produced. (2) N.d. ALCO Historical Photos, Schenectady.
This photo shows the M7s under production.
Photograph. A Factory at the Schenectady Plant Where the M7 Tanks Were
Produced. (3) N.d. ALCO Historical Photos, Schenectady.
This photo shows the M7s under production.
Photograph. General Von Thoma, Commander of the Famed Afrika Corps,
Surrenders to Montgomery. 1942. World War II Today. Web. Mar. 2013.
<http://ww2today.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/von-Thoma-surrenders-
595x626.jpg>.
This photo of the captured German General von Thoma was used to represent the
defeat of the Germans at El Alamein in the "Battle Timeline."
Photograph. German Prisoners after the Battle of El Alamein. 1942. The End of
the Beginning. Great Britain: Free, 2003. N. pag. Print.
I used this photo several times throughout the website. It shows German prisoners
behind a sign that points to El Alamein.
Photograph. Hollem, Howard R. New M-7 Mobile Howitzer Carriages Roll down
the Production Lines of the American Locomotive Company. 1943. Library of
Congress, Schenectady. Web.
<http://lcweb2.loc.gov/service/pnp/fsa/8b05000/8b05600/8b05697_150px.jpg>.
This photo of an ALCO worker on an M7 was used on the "Production" page.
Photograph. Hollem, Howard R. New M-7 Mobile Howitzer Carriages Roll down
the Production Lines of the American Locomotive Company (2). 1943. Library
of Congress, Washington DC. Web.
<http://lcweb2.loc.gov/service/pnp/fsa/8b05000/8b05600/8b05696r.jpg>.
This photo of an ALCO worker on an M7 was used on the website header
slideshow.
Photograph. Liberty Park, Where the M7 Time Capsule Was Buried. 1943. Efner
Collection, Schenectady.
I used this photo on my "M7 Day" page to show where the time capsule was buried
during M7 Day in Schenectady.
Photograph. M3 Tank in Front of the Van Curler Hotel. 1943. Efner Collection,
Schenectady.
This photo is included on the "M7 Day" to illustrate the parade that took place in
Schenectady.
Photograph. M7 and Burning German Tank. 1942. ALCO Heritage Museum, n.p.
This photo was used to accent the slide about the M7 in North Africa in the "Battle
Timeline" slideshow. It gives a visual of the supreme power of the M7.
Photograph. M7 Howitzer Motor Carriage, Priest Having Its Worn out Barrel
Replaced. 1942. Web. Mar. 2013. <http://www.wwiivehicles.com/usa/self-
propelled-guns/m7-howitzer-motor-carriage-priest/m7-howitzer-motor-
carriage-priest-04-thumb.png>.
This photo show soldiers operating a crane to remove the worn out barrel of a M7
Priest. It is included in the "Photo Gallery."
Photograph. M7 Howitzer Motor Carriage, Priest, Training in 1942. 1942. Web. Mar.
2013. <http://www.wwiivehicles.com/usa/self-propelled-guns/m7-howitzer-
motor-carriage-priest/m7-howitzer-motor-carriage-priest-05-thumb.png>.
This photo shows four men training on an M7 with more in the background. It is
included in the "Photo Gallery."
Photograph. A M7 in Desert Camouflage. 1942. Web. Mar. 2013.
<http://ww2photo.se/tanks/usa/med/m7/03933.jpg>.
This photo shows four men on an M7 in desert camouflage. It is included in
the "Photo Gallery."
Photograph. M7 in El Alamein. 1942. Web. Mar. 2013.
<http://www.warlinks.com/memories/images/gay_priest.jpg>.
This photo is included in the "Photo Gallery." It shows an M7 with the British 11th
Regiment, Royal Horse Artillery.
Photograph. M-7 Model, ALCO Heritage Museum. 2012.
This photo was taken after my interview with Beverly Lentz Taylor Geiger. She had
brought the M7 scale model with her to donate to the ALCO Heritage Museum. This
model was jointly designed by ALCO and experts from Army Ordnance.
Photograph. Minefields in the Battle of Alam Halfa. 1942. Imperial War Museums.
Web. Mar. 2013. <http://media.iwm.org.uk/iwm/mediaLib/52/media-
52088/standard.jpg>.
This photo is included on the "Battle Timeline" to illustrate how the British minefields
devastated the German Panzers at the Battle of Alam Halfa.
Photograph. Operation Supercharge. 1942. Web. Mar. 2013.
<http://www.flamesofwar.com/Portals/0/all_images/Scenarios/Tell-el-Aqqaqir-
01.jpg>.
This photo of tanks during Operation Supercharge is included on the "Battle
Timeline."
Photograph. Parade of M3 and M7 Tanks on Erie Boulevard. 1943. Efner
Collection, Schenectady.
This photo is included on the "M7 Day" page to illustrate the parade that took place
in Schenectady.
Photograph. Parade of M4 and M7 Tanks on Erie Boulevard. 1943. Efner
Collection, Schenectady.
This photo is included on the "M7 Day" to illustrate the parade that took place in
Schenectady.
Photograph. A Schenectady-Built M7 Being Tested. 1942. Web. Mar. 2013.
<http://3.bp.blogspot.com/aVT3MsSVdXM/TaYukSGx1II/AAAAAAAACu8/hpWY-
SnvAN8/ALCO_M7.jpg>.
This photo is included in the "Photo Gallery." It shows an M7 being tested at the
Aberdeen Proving Grounds in Maryland.
Photograph. Sunshield Prototype Closed. 1942. National WWII Museum. The
National WWII Museum. Web. Mar. 2013. <http://www.nww2m.com/wp-
content/uploads/2012/05/Sunshield-prototype-closed-300x207.jpg>.
This photo is included on the "Battle Timeline" to illustrate the "magical" deception
of the camouflage used during Operation Bertram.
Photograph. Sunshield Prototype Open Overhead. 1942. National WWII Museum.
National WWII Museum. Web. Mar. 2013. <http://www.nww2m.com/wp-
content/uploads/2012/05/Sunshield-prototypeopenoverhead-300x197.jpg>.
This photo is included on the "Battle Timeline" to illustrate the "magical" deception
of the camouflage used during Operation Bertram.
Photograph. United States' M7 Howitzer Motor Carriage, Priest from the M7
Manual (1). 1942. WWII Vehicles. Web. Mar. 2013.
<http://www.wwiivehicles.com/usa/self-propelled-guns/m7-howitzer-motor-
carriage-priest/m7-howitzer-motor-carriage-priest-15-thumb.png>.
This photo is included on the "Meet the M7" page to show an aerial view of the M7.
Photograph. United States' M7 Howitzer Motor Carriage, Priest from the M7
Manual (2). 1942. WWII Vehicles. Web. Mar. 2013.
<http://www.wwiivehicles.com/usa/self-propelled-guns/m7-howitzer-motor-
carriage-priest/m7-howitzer-motor-carriage-priest-11-thumb.png>.
This photo is included on the "Meet the M7" page to show a front view of the M7.
Photograph. United States' M7 Howitzer Motor Carriage, Priest from the M7
Manual (3). 1942. WWII Vehicles. Web. Mar. 2013.
<http://www.wwiivehicles.com/usa/self-propelled-guns/m7-howitzer-motor-
carriage-priest/m7-howitzer-motor-carriage-priest-12-thumb.png>.
This photo is included on the "Meet the M7" page to show a side view of the M7.
Photograph. United States' M7 Howitzer Motor Carriage, Priest from the M7
Manual (4). 1942. WWII Vehicles. Web. Mar. 2013.
<http://www.wwiivehicles.com/usa/self-propelled-guns/m7-howitzer-motor-
carriage-priest/m7-howitzer-motor-carriage-priest-13-thumb.png>.
This photo is included on the "Meet the M7" page to show a back view of the M7.
Photograph. United States' M7 Howitzer Motor Carriage, Priest from the M7
Manual (5). 1942. WWII Vehicles. Web. Mar. 2013.
http://www.wwiivehicles.com/usa/self-propelled-guns/m7-howitzer-motor-
carriage-priest/m7-howitzer-motor-carriage-priest-14-thumb.png>.
This photo is included on the "Meet the M7" page to show a side view of the M7.
Photograph. United States' M7 Howitzer Motor Carriage, Priest in North Africa.
1942. WWII Vehicles. Web. Mar. 2013. <http://www.wwiivehicles.com/usa/self-
propelled-guns/m7-howitzer-motor-carriage-priest/m7-howitzer-motor-carriage-
priest-03.png>.
This photo is included in the header of my website. It shows an M7 in North Africa.
Somebody blabbed–button your lip. Poster. New Hampshire
State Library. Web. Apr. 2013. <http://www.nh.gov/nhsl/ww2/ww38prt.html>.
This poster was included as part of the website slideshow of propaganda published
to warn US citizens of the dangers of "careless talk."
Wanted for Murder! Her Careless Talk Costs Lives. Poster. New Hampshire State
Library. Web. Apr. 2013. <http://www.nh.gov/nhsl/ww2/ww34prt.html>.
This poster was included as part of the website slideshow of propaganda published
to warn US citizens of the dangers of "careless talk."
WWII E-Award Poster. Poster. Web. Mar. 2013.
<http://1.bp.blogspot.com/SWGCkgsbe0o/T7wKQpacswI/AAAAAAAADE8/
RAPV8g7OE8E/s1600/EAwardPoster.jpg>.
This image of a WWII poster produced by ALCO in 1944 was used to accent the
"ALCO" historical context page.
Interviews
Lentz Taylor Geiger, Beverly. "Interview with Beverly Lentz Taylor Geiger."
Personal interview. 22 Sept. 2012.
This interview was extremely valuable to the project. It allowed me to learn
about the atmosphere in the plant and how the secret of the M7 was guarded. From
this interview I also took the title of my project, "The City that kept a Secret." I
included clips from the interview in the website.
Lentz Taylor Geiger, Beverly. "Interview with Beverly Lentz Taylor Geiger."
Personal interview. 22 Sept. 2012.
This interview was extremely valuable to the project. It allowed me to learn
about the atmosphere in the plant and how the secret of the M7 was guarded. From
this interview I also took the title of my project, "The City that kept a Secret." I
included clips from the interview in the website.
Music
Mercer, Johnny, and Bernie Hanighen. "Here Come the British (Bang, Bang)." The
Blitz Years - Classic Big Band Sounds (Vol. 2). N.d. CD.
This song was included on the "Home" page because it included many lyrics relating
to WWII in North Africa. It was originally written in 1934, but Mercer changed the
lyrics during WWII. The last verse says "The Desert Fox was having beer, never
dreaming anyone was near. All at once the sentry hollered, hey General Rommel,
hop on your camel, here come the British with a Bang, Bang!"
Mercer, Johnny, and Bernie Hanighen. "Here Come the British (Bang, Bang)." The
Blitz Years - Classic Big Band Sounds (Vol. 2). N.d. CD.
This song was included on the "Home" page because it included many lyrics relating
to WWII in North Africa. It was originally written in 1934, but Mercer changed the
lyrics during WWII. The last verse says "The Desert Fox was having beer, never
dreaming anyone was near. All at once the sentry hollered, hey General Rommel,
hop on your camel, here come the British with a Bang, Bang!"
Movies
Desert Victory. Dir. J. L. Hodson. British Army and Royal Air Force, 1943.
This movie provided a visual portrayal of the challenges of fighting in the desert
and the aftermath of the battle. It included excellent footage of the battle and of the
8th Army's advance after the battle.
Desert Victory. Dir. J. L. Hodson. British Army and Royal Air Force, 1943.
This movie provided a visual portrayal of the challenges of fighting in the desert
and the aftermath of the battle. It included excellent footage of the battle and of the
8th Army's advance after the battle.
Websites
"World War II Memories, Don Gay." World War II Memories. N.p., n.d. Web. Mar.
2013. <http://www.warlinks.com/memories/gay.php>.
This article by Don Gay, a M7 driver at El Alamein was very useful in understanding
how appreciative the 8th army was of the M7. He said, it was a "sight for sore eyes."
I included a quotation of his memories in the "Documents" section.
"World War II Memories, Don Gay." World War II Memories. N.p., n.d. Web. Mar.
2013. <http://www.warlinks.com/memories/gay.php>.
This article by Don Gay, a M7 driver at El Alamein was very useful in understanding
how appreciative the 8th army was of the M7. He said, it was a "sight for sore eyes."
I included a quotation of his memories in the "Documents" section.
Secondary Sources
Books
Barr, Niall. Pendulum of War: The Three Battles of El Alamein. Woodstock,
NY: Overlook, 2005. Print.
This book helped to understand the context of the Battle of El Alamein. It had
specific information about the Battle of Alam Halfa, helping me to understand how
this battle set the stage for El Alamein.
Brozyna, Andrew J. Longshore Soldiers: Homefront, England, Normandy,
Antwerp : Life in a World War II Port Battalion. Longmont, CO: Apidae, 2010. 5-
16. Print.
This book gave some basic information about the work done at ALCO during WWII,
but its most important part was the bibliography. It contained many references to
newspaper articles that I used, and provided paths to find additional articles. The
cover photo is to accent the "Interviews" page.
Clayton, Tim, and Phil Craig. The End of the Beginning. London: Hodder &
Stoughton, 2002. Print.
This book had specific information regarding the operations of the Battle of El
Alamein. It addressed how difficult it was to coordinate attacks in the desert.
Latimer, Jon. Alamein. Cambridge, MA: Harvard UP, 2002. Print.
This book had a lot of good background information about El Alamein. It contained
many maps that helped me to better understand the North African conflict.
Royle, Trevor. Montgomery: Lessons in Leadership from the Soldier's General.
New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010. Print.
This book provided insight into the life and mind of Montgomery. It discussed
how he acted during the campaign in North Africa. It especially described the
discourse between Montgomery and Churchill.
Steinbrenner, Richard T. The American Locomotive Company: A Centennial
Remembrance. N.p.: On Track, 2011. Print.
This book provided information about ALCO's contributions to WWII. It had many
useful photos and charts that helped me to understand war production at ALCO.
Barr, Niall. Pendulum of War: The Three Battles of El Alamein. Woodstock,
NY: Overlook, 2005. Print.
This book helped to understand the context of the Battle of El Alamein. It had
specific information about the Battle of Alam Halfa, helping me to understand how
this battle set the stage for El Alamein.
Brozyna, Andrew J. Longshore Soldiers: Homefront, England, Normandy,
Antwerp : Life in a World War II Port Battalion. Longmont, CO: Apidae, 2010. 5-
16. Print.
This book gave some basic information about the work done at ALCO during WWII,
but its most important part was the bibliography. It contained many references to
newspaper articles that I used, and provided paths to find additional articles. The
cover photo is to accent the "Interviews" page.
Clayton, Tim, and Phil Craig. The End of the Beginning. London: Hodder &
Stoughton, 2002. Print.
This book had specific information regarding the operations of the Battle of El
Alamein. It addressed how difficult it was to coordinate attacks in the desert.
Latimer, Jon. Alamein. Cambridge, MA: Harvard UP, 2002. Print.
This book had a lot of good background information about El Alamein. It contained
many maps that helped me to better understand the North African conflict.
Royle, Trevor. Montgomery: Lessons in Leadership from the Soldier's General.
New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010. Print.
This book provided insight into the life and mind of Montgomery. It discussed
how he acted during the campaign in North Africa. It especially described the
discourse between Montgomery and Churchill.
Steinbrenner, Richard T. The American Locomotive Company: A Centennial
Remembrance. N.p.: On Track, 2011. Print.
This book provided information about ALCO's contributions to WWII. It had many
useful photos and charts that helped me to understand war production at ALCO.
Documents
Bump, Bethany. "Ex-Alco Worker Shares Memories." Daily Gazette 23 Sept. 2012. Print.
This article was published about the visit of Beverly Lentz Taylor Geiger to the ALCO
Heritage Museum, where I had the opportunity to interview her. A quotation from the
article about Mrs. Geiger was used on the "Beverly Lentz Taylor Geiger" page.
"M7 Remembered." Schenectady Gazette 25 Mar. 1993: n. pag. Print.
This article provided background for the "Production" page. It included lots of
quotations from former ALCO workers about the measure taken in the plant to
protect against sabotage.
Bump, Bethany. "Ex-Alco Worker Shares Memories." Daily Gazette 23 Sept. 2012. Print.
This article was published about the visit of Beverly Lentz Taylor Geiger to the ALCO
Heritage Museum, where I had the opportunity to interview her. A quotation from the
article about Mrs. Geiger was used on the "Beverly Lentz Taylor Geiger" page.
"M7 Remembered." Schenectady Gazette 25 Mar. 1993: n. pag. Print.
This article provided background for the "Production" page. It included lots of
quotations from former ALCO workers about the measure taken in the plant to
protect against sabotage.
Images
Photograph. Covert-Jones, Karen. Beverly Lentz Taylor Geiger.
2012. Schenectady.
This photo of Beverly Geiger was used to accent the "Interviews" page. It was taken
during my interview with Mrs. Geiger.
Photograph. Covert-Jones, Karen. Beverly Lentz Taylor Geiger.
2012. Schenectady.
This photo of Beverly Geiger was used to accent the "Interviews" page. It was taken
during my interview with Mrs. Geiger.
Interviews
Brozyna, Andrew. "Interview with Andrew Brozyna." E-mail interview. 6 Mar. 2013.
This interview with the author of Longshore Soldiers was very useful in learning
about the reaction of the ALCO employees to M7 Day and how proud they were of
their contribution to the war effort.
Brozyna, Andrew. "Interview with Andrew Brozyna." E-mail interview. 6 Mar. 2013.
This interview with the author of Longshore Soldiers was very useful in learning
about the reaction of the ALCO employees to M7 Day and how proud they were of
their contribution to the war effort.
Maps
"The Advance of the 8th Army from El Alamein to the River Sangro." Map. N.p.,
n.d. Web. Mar. 2013.
Included in the "Photo Gallery" to show the Allied advance after El Alamein that
ended in Italy.
"Egypt-Libya 1942." Map. N.p., n.d. Web. Feb. 2013.
<http://www.history.army.mil/brochures/egypt/p12(map).jpg>.
This map was included on the "Importance of El Alamein" page to show how close El
Alamein was to the Suez Canal and the Haifa Oil Fields in Lebanon.
"El Alamein the Eve of Battle." Map. N.p., n.d. Web. Mar. 2013. <http://wilderness-
ventures-egypt.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/Y-Alamein-line.jpg>.
This map was included on the "Photo Gallery" to show the relative positions of the
Axis and Allied troops and minefields before the Battle of El Alamein.
Latimer, John. "The Mediterranean Theatre." Map. Alamein. Cambridge: Harvard
UP, 2002. N. pag. Print.
This map was included on the "North Africa" page to illustrate how vulnerable the
German convoy routes were to the British air base at Malta.
"Qattara Depression and El Alamein." Map. N.p., n.d. Web. Apr. 2013.
<http://wilderness-ventures-egypt.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/Y-North-
African-Campaign-Alamein-Qatt.jpg>.
This map was included on the "El Alamein" page to show where El Alamein and the
Qattara Depression are located.
"The Advance of the 8th Army from El Alamein to the River Sangro." Map. N.p.,
n.d. Web. Mar. 2013.
Included in the "Photo Gallery" to show the Allied advance after El Alamein that
ended in Italy.
"Egypt-Libya 1942." Map. N.p., n.d. Web. Feb. 2013.
<http://www.history.army.mil/brochures/egypt/p12(map).jpg>.
This map was included on the "Importance of El Alamein" page to show how close El
Alamein was to the Suez Canal and the Haifa Oil Fields in Lebanon.
"El Alamein the Eve of Battle." Map. N.p., n.d. Web. Mar. 2013. <http://wilderness-
ventures-egypt.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/Y-Alamein-line.jpg>.
This map was included on the "Photo Gallery" to show the relative positions of the
Axis and Allied troops and minefields before the Battle of El Alamein.
Latimer, John. "The Mediterranean Theatre." Map. Alamein. Cambridge: Harvard
UP, 2002. N. pag. Print.
This map was included on the "North Africa" page to illustrate how vulnerable the
German convoy routes were to the British air base at Malta.
"Qattara Depression and El Alamein." Map. N.p., n.d. Web. Apr. 2013.
<http://wilderness-ventures-egypt.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/Y-North-
African-Campaign-Alamein-Qatt.jpg>.
This map was included on the "El Alamein" page to show where El Alamein and the
Qattara Depression are located.
Movies
Iron Horse in Schenectady. WMHT Educational Telecommunications, 2001. DVD.
This video helped me to understand the history of ALCO before and after WWII. It
described the beginnings of ALCO, the different locomotives produced by ALCO and
the end of ALCO.
War in the Desert. Eagle Media Productions, 2003. DVD.
This video detailed the specific battles of El Alamein including Operation Lightfoot
and Operation Supercharge. The maps it presented helped me to understand the
complexity of the operations and how important they were to the success of the war.
Iron Horse in Schenectady. WMHT Educational Telecommunications, 2001. DVD.
This video helped me to understand the history of ALCO before and after WWII. It
described the beginnings of ALCO, the different locomotives produced by ALCO and
the end of ALCO.
War in the Desert. Eagle Media Productions, 2003. DVD.
This video detailed the specific battles of El Alamein including Operation Lightfoot
and Operation Supercharge. The maps it presented helped me to understand the
complexity of the operations and how important they were to the success of the war.
Websites
"The Battle of El Alamein." N.p., n.d. Web. Mar. 2013.
<http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/battle_of_el_alamein.htm>.
This article provided a summary of the Battle of El Alamein. Quotations from
this article were used throughout my website.
Knowles, David. "How El Alamein Changed the War." BBC News. BBC, 23 Oct.
2002. Web. Apr. 2013. <http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/2347801.stm>.
This article helped me to understand how important a victory in North Africa was to
British morale. The author, who was a child in Britain at the time, recalled "Somehow
we needed a victory." I used a quotation from this article on the "Importance of El
Alamein" page.
"Lend-Lease Act." History Channel, n.d. Web. Mar. 2013.
<http://www.history.com/topics/lend-lease-act>.
This article provided a summary of the Lend-Lease Act. This act paved the way for
the war production at ALCO to begin. A quotation from the article was used in the
timeline on the "Historical Context" page.
"North Africa." History Channel, n.d. Web. Mar. 2013.
<http://www.history.co.uk/explore- history/ww2/north-africa.html>.
This article provided a brief summary of the war in North Africa. It helped me
to understand how desperate the situation was for the Allies in North Africa.
Rittner, Don. "ALCO AND WWII." N.p., n.d. Web. Apr. 2013.
<http://blog.timesunion.com/rittner/alco-and-ww-ii/167/>.
This blog post by Don Rittner, the Schenectady County Historian, summarized the
work done by ALCO during WWII. Further correspondence with Mr. Rittner revealed
more about the secret production of the M7 in Schenectady.
"Invasion of Poland, Fall 1939." United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, n.d.
Web. 09 Mar. 2013.
<http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10005070>.
A quotation from this article was used on the "WWII" page to provide background
about how WWII started.
"Magical Victory? Jasper Maskelyne and the Battle of El Alamein." The National
WWII Museum. N.p., n.d. Web. Mar. 2013.
<http://www.nww2m.com/2012/10/magical-victory-jasper-maskelyne-and-the-
battle-of-el-alamein/>.
This article provided background on Operation Bertram. It had many photos of the
operation that helped me to understand how complete this deception was.
"World War Two: Summary Outline of Key Events." BBC, n.d. Web. Mar. 2013.
<http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwtwo/ww2_summary_01.shtml>.
This article provided the historical context of the production of the M7 and the war in
North Africa. A quotation was used from it in the timeline on the "Historical Context" page.
"World War Two: The Battle of El Alamein." BBC News. BBC, n.d. Web. 08 Mar.
2013.
<http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwtwo/battle_el_alamein_01.shtml>.
This provided a British view point on the Battle of El Alamein. It emphasized the
importance of the battle and how a victory was necessary to raise British morale.
"The Battle of El Alamein." N.p., n.d. Web. Mar. 2013.
<http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/battle_of_el_alamein.htm>.
This article provided a summary of the Battle of El Alamein. Quotations from
this article were used throughout my website.
Knowles, David. "How El Alamein Changed the War." BBC News. BBC, 23 Oct.
2002. Web. Apr. 2013. <http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/2347801.stm>.
This article helped me to understand how important a victory in North Africa was to
British morale. The author, who was a child in Britain at the time, recalled "Somehow
we needed a victory." I used a quotation from this article on the "Importance of El
Alamein" page.
"Lend-Lease Act." History Channel, n.d. Web. Mar. 2013.
<http://www.history.com/topics/lend-lease-act>.
This article provided a summary of the Lend-Lease Act. This act paved the way for
the war production at ALCO to begin. A quotation from the article was used in the
timeline on the "Historical Context" page.
"North Africa." History Channel, n.d. Web. Mar. 2013.
<http://www.history.co.uk/explore- history/ww2/north-africa.html>.
This article provided a brief summary of the war in North Africa. It helped me
to understand how desperate the situation was for the Allies in North Africa.
Rittner, Don. "ALCO AND WWII." N.p., n.d. Web. Apr. 2013.
<http://blog.timesunion.com/rittner/alco-and-ww-ii/167/>.
This blog post by Don Rittner, the Schenectady County Historian, summarized the
work done by ALCO during WWII. Further correspondence with Mr. Rittner revealed
more about the secret production of the M7 in Schenectady.
"Invasion of Poland, Fall 1939." United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, n.d.
Web. 09 Mar. 2013.
<http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10005070>.
A quotation from this article was used on the "WWII" page to provide background
about how WWII started.
"Magical Victory? Jasper Maskelyne and the Battle of El Alamein." The National
WWII Museum. N.p., n.d. Web. Mar. 2013.
<http://www.nww2m.com/2012/10/magical-victory-jasper-maskelyne-and-the-
battle-of-el-alamein/>.
This article provided background on Operation Bertram. It had many photos of the
operation that helped me to understand how complete this deception was.
"World War Two: Summary Outline of Key Events." BBC, n.d. Web. Mar. 2013.
<http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwtwo/ww2_summary_01.shtml>.
This article provided the historical context of the production of the M7 and the war in
North Africa. A quotation was used from it in the timeline on the "Historical Context" page.
"World War Two: The Battle of El Alamein." BBC News. BBC, n.d. Web. 08 Mar.
2013.
<http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwtwo/battle_el_alamein_01.shtml>.
This provided a British view point on the Battle of El Alamein. It emphasized the
importance of the battle and how a victory was necessary to raise British morale.
